Curiosity is a NASA rover part of the Mars Science Laboratory mission, which landed on Mars in August 2012. Its primary goal is to explore Gale Crater to assess whether Mars ever had conditions suitable for microbial life.
Source: science.nasa.gov
27/08/2012

What's that on the horizon? The light peak is Mt. Sharp -- an eventual destination of the Curiosity rover. The above image mosaic was taken from Bradbury Landing, the landing spot of Curiosity, and shows in the foreground the rover's extended robotic arm. Curiosity's is already on the move crossing the intermediate gravel field toward an interesting terrain feature named Glenelg. Curiosity has also already started analyzing its surroundings by zapping a nearby rock with its laser to analyze the chemical composition of the resulting gas plume. If life ever existed on Mars it might well have been here in Gale crater, with the Curiosity rover being humanity's current best chance to find what remains.